Judicial principles and studies
Multiple simultaneous employment relationships of a worker
An employment relationship requires two core elements: payment of a wage and the worker's subordination to the employer. Where the worker arranges their own schedule and concurrently works for other parties, the arrangement is an unnamed contract governed by Article 805/2 of the Civil Code.
Updated: 10 September 2026
Prepared and reviewed by: Ashraf Al-Khawaja
Subject
The study examines when a contractual relationship qualifies as employment while a worker performs services for more than one party simultaneously. Two conditions are identified for an employment contract: payment of a wage (in money or in kind, regardless of how it is determined) and the worker's subordination to the employer.
Summary
- Payment of a wage is a required element of an employment contract, irrespective of the method or payer. - Subordination refers to administrative and organizational dependency, which may be inferred from the nature, scope and timing of the work and the worker's submission to the employer's supervision; it is not limited to technical or professional control. This concept can encompass professionals who retain technical independence if the other employment elements exist. - If a worker simultaneously serves an employer and other parties, arranging and timing their own work so they are not bound to exclusive devotion to one employer, the arrangement is neither an employment contract nor a contract for services but an unnamed contract; in that situation the worker is entitled only to the agreed remuneration and the arrangement falls under Article 805/2 of the Civil Code. Note: This is a general educational summary, not judicial text or legal advice, and it does not represent a court or the judicial council.
Practical significance
This is a general educational summary based on the points published in the official source. It does not replace the original material or a review by Ashraf Al-Khawaja before relying on it for any action.
Sources and references
Verify the official text and latest amendments before relying on this material professionally.